منابع مشابه
Two Explanations of Evolutionary Progress
Natural selection explains how living forms are fitted to their conditions of life. Darwin argued that selection also explains what he called “the gradual advancement of the organisation,” i.e. evolutionary progress. Present-day selectionists disagree. In their view, it is happenstance that sustains conditions favorable to progress, and therefore happenstance, not selection, that explains progr...
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Genetics plays a central role in evolutionary biology, because only heri-table traits can evolve. Evolution by natural selection can be succinctly described as a consequence of heritable fitness variation among individuals of a population. Charles Darwin clearly understood that a mechanism of inheritance and a source of heritable variation were necessary components of a complete theory of evolu...
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Although very controversial in the field of evolutionary biology, the notion of evolutionary progress is nevertheless generally accepted in the field of Artificial Life. In this article we adopt the definition proposed by Shanahan (2012) to study the existence of evolutionary progress in an evolutionary simulation which we call HetCA. HetCA is a heterogeneous cellular automata characterized by ...
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Sequences of macromolecules have "signals" or patterns that arise from a number of sources, particularly from shared common history or phylogeny. We discuss methods for inferring evolutionary trees from these patterns or signals under five properties desired for an ideal method. These five desiderata are that the methods be efficient (fast), consistent, powerful, robust, and falsifiable. Our co...
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‘Economic progress’ is an important normative concept to make welfare statements. However, most such approaches are static, not only including behaviorally unsound assumptions, but also relying on the assumption of given and unchanging preferences. Given increasing income through innovations, new opportunities come into existence. This does not lend plausibility to the idea of unchanging prefer...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BioScience
سال: 2000
ISSN: 0006-3568
DOI: 10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0451:ep]2.0.co;2